CRUTEM4 164600 : CATANIA/FONTANAROSSA temperature Lat: 37.50 (N) Lon: 15.10 (E) Elevation (m): 13.00 Start and End Years, and First Year Used (earlier years not considered reliable) 1892 2012 1892 Please cite: Osborn & Jones (2014) Earth System Science Data (doi:10.5194/essd-6-61-2014) Jones et al. (2012) J. Geophys. Res. (doi:10.1029/2011JD017139) Missing code: -99.99 Each seasonal mean requires all 3 months to have data Each annual mean requires all 12 months to have data Year, Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec, DJF, MAM, JJA, SON, Annual 1892, 10.40, 10.90, 12.20, 14.00, 17.30, 22.70, 25.30, 25.60, 21.50, 19.50, 14.10, 10.10, -99.99, 14.50, 24.53, 18.37, 16.97 1893, 7.40, 10.00, 11.00, 13.40, 17.80, 21.70, 25.50, 24.20, 24.80, 20.00, 15.20, 11.60, 9.17, 14.07, 23.80, 20.00, 16.88 1894, 8.60, 8.70, 11.20, 13.70, 17.20, 21.40, 25.50, 25.00, 24.70, 19.90, 14.10, 11.20, 9.63, 14.03, 23.97, 19.57, 16.77 1895, 8.40, 9.20, 11.30, 15.50, 16.90, 20.90, 25.80, 24.50, 22.80, 20.00, 10.40, 11.00, 9.60, 14.57, 23.73, 17.73, 16.39 1896, 7.50, 8.60, 11.70, 11.40, 16.00, 21.20, 25.20, 24.80, 23.00, 18.80, 14.10, 11.20, 9.03, 13.03, 23.73, 18.63, 16.12 1897, 9.30, 10.30, 12.20, 14.10, 16.80, 21.70, 26.30, 24.60, 23.80, 17.00, 12.30, 10.20, 10.27, 14.37, 24.20, 17.70, 16.55 1898, 9.90, 9.00, 12.20, 14.80, 18.00, 22.40, 23.90, 23.90, 21.70, 19.40, 14.60, 11.00, 9.70, 15.00, 23.40, 18.57, 16.73 1899, 9.70, 10.20, 12.30, 14.60, 18.50, 21.00, 23.60, 24.20, 23.00, 19.50, 13.70, 11.00, 10.30, 15.13, 22.93, 18.73, 16.77 1900, 10.30, 11.40, 10.90, 13.20, 17.20, 21.60, 24.30, 23.70, 22.60, 21.60, 14.90, 11.70, 10.90, 13.77, 23.20, 19.70, 16.95 1901, 8.60, 9.90, 12.70, 15.40, 16.60, 22.20, 25.70, 25.40, 23.70, 19.10, 13.80, 11.90, 10.07, 14.90, 24.43, 18.87, 17.08 1902, 9.80, 11.40, 11.80, 15.20, 16.40, 21.00, 26.00, 26.00, 23.80, 19.20, 13.70, 10.40, 11.03, 14.47, 24.33, 18.90, 17.06 1903, 9.80, 9.30, 12.10, 13.30, 18.10, 20.20, 24.20, 25.50, 22.50, 19.00, 13.20, 11.60, 9.83, 14.50, 23.30, 18.23, 16.57 1904, 9.60, 11.50, 11.80, 14.80, 19.00, 23.00, 26.10, 25.10, 22.20, 17.60, 12.00, 10.30, 10.90, 15.20, 24.73, 17.27, 16.92 1905, 7.20, 7.80, 12.30, 14.90, 17.40, 21.00, 25.80, 26.30, 24.00, 17.50, 14.70, 11.40, 8.43, 14.87, 24.37, 18.73, 16.69 1906, 9.50, 8.50, 12.20, 13.30, 17.00, 21.70, 25.30, 25.70, 22.50, 17.70, 14.60, 9.40, 9.80, 14.17, 24.23, 18.27, 16.45 1907, 7.90, 8.10, 9.20, 13.30, 18.90, 21.60, 24.70, 25.70, 22.50, 20.30, 14.50, 11.60, 8.47, 13.80, 24.00, 19.10, 16.52 1908, 10.00, 9.60, 11.50, 13.20, 20.10, 19.30, 25.30, 25.20, 21.80, 18.50, 13.10, 10.20, 10.40, 14.93, 23.27, 17.80, 16.48 1909, 8.40, 7.90, 12.00, 14.50, 17.90, 21.50, 23.70, 24.50, 22.70, 18.90, 13.90, 12.20, 8.83, 14.80, 23.23, 18.50, 16.51 1910, 9.50, 10.20, 11.40, 14.70, 16.80, 21.40, 23.60, 24.60, 20.40, 19.80, 13.60, 12.00, 10.63, 14.30, 23.20, 17.93, 16.50 1911, 8.30, 7.90, 11.60, 13.70, 17.20, 22.10, 25.10, 26.40, 23.00, 19.80, 15.30, 13.00, 9.40, 14.17, 24.53, 19.37, 16.95 1912, 10.40, 12.10, 13.70, 13.10, 17.70, 22.10, 26.30, 25.30, 19.10, 19.50, 11.90, 10.70, 11.83, 14.83, 24.57, 16.83, 16.82 1913, 11.40, 10.40, 13.10, 15.00, 18.70, 23.50, 24.90, 25.80, 25.70, 20.60, 16.40, 12.10, 10.83, 15.60, 24.73, 20.90, 18.13 1914, 8.80, 10.60, 12.70, 15.60, 18.70, 21.40, 24.90, 24.40, 22.10, 17.10, 12.80, 11.40, 10.50, 15.67, 23.57, 17.33, 16.71 1915, 9.60, 9.50, 12.30, 13.50, 17.80, 22.80, 26.00, 25.80, 21.50, 18.40, 14.40, 13.40, 10.17, 14.53, 24.87, 18.10, 17.08 1916, 9.50, 10.70, 13.50, 14.80, 19.00, 24.60, 27.10, 25.30, 23.10, 19.10, 14.70, 12.80, 11.20, 15.77, 25.67, 18.97, 17.85 1917, 10.30, 10.00, 12.20, 13.70, 17.70, 23.40, 25.80, 27.10, 24.20, 19.00, 13.20, 9.50, 11.03, 14.53, 25.43, 18.80, 17.18 1918, 9.30, 9.30, 11.30, 14.40, 18.20, 21.20, 25.10, 24.20, 24.80, 18.50, 13.90, 11.30, 9.37, 14.63, 23.50, 19.07, 16.79 1919, 9.80, 10.80, 11.70, 14.70, 16.10, 22.60, 24.80, 25.60, 23.30, 18.40, 14.00, 9.90, 10.63, 14.17, 24.33, 18.57, 16.81 1920, 10.10, 10.40, 12.80, 15.60, 20.40, 23.20, 26.90, 26.30, 23.30, 19.50, 13.60, 11.70, 10.13, 16.27, 25.47, 18.80, 17.82 1921, 10.40, 10.00, 11.70, 13.50, 19.00, 21.10, 26.10, 25.80, 23.10, 19.10, 13.60, 10.70, 10.70, 14.73, 24.33, 18.60, 17.01 1922, 9.30, 10.80, 13.70, 15.90, 18.80, 23.60, 25.80, 27.30, 23.80, 19.60, 12.80, 9.80, 10.27, 16.13, 25.57, 18.73, 17.60 1923, 8.60, 10.20, 11.40, 14.50, 19.00, 19.90, 25.10, 25.50, 23.00, 19.00, 15.90, 11.20, 9.53, 14.97, 23.50, 19.30, 16.94 1924, 8.60, 10.00, 12.00, 15.60, 20.60, 23.90, 26.30, 25.50, 25.50, 19.30, 14.70, 11.90, 9.93, 16.07, 25.23, 19.83, 17.82 1925, 9.60, 10.90, 11.30, 14.40, 17.30, 22.80, 25.30, 26.60, 23.90, 19.10, 15.30, 10.70, 10.80, 14.33, 24.90, 19.43, 17.27 1926, 10.30, 12.00, 12.20, 15.00, 17.40, 21.30, 24.00, 24.30, 24.30, 20.60, 17.80, 11.20, 11.00, 14.87, 23.20, 20.90, 17.53 1927, 9.80, 9.20, 13.20, 14.90, 19.60, 25.20, 27.00, 26.80, 24.40, 18.40, 16.10, 12.40, 10.07, 15.90, 26.33, 19.63, 18.08 1928, 10.50, 9.70, 11.70, 15.50, 17.80, 23.60, 27.30, 27.90, 24.70, 20.10, 14.70, 10.20, 10.87, 15.00, 26.27, 19.83, 17.81 1929, 8.00, 7.50, 11.10, 14.70, 19.10, 23.40, 26.40, 25.10, 23.20, 18.10, 14.90, 11.40, 8.57, 14.97, 24.97, 18.73, 16.91 1930, 10.80, 9.80, 12.80, 14.80, 17.90, 23.70, 26.10, 25.20, 22.30, 17.90, 14.00, 11.70, 10.67, 15.17, 25.00, 18.07, 17.25 1931, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1932, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1933, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1934, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1935, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1936, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1937, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1938, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1939, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1940, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1941, 10.20, 11.10, 12.80, 12.70, 16.80, 22.30, 26.10, 25.70, 21.00, 17.80, 13.50, 9.70, -99.99, 14.10, 24.70, 17.43, 16.64 1942, 7.40, 9.00, 12.70, 15.30, 19.10, 22.60, 25.50, 24.60, 23.80, 19.30, 13.70, 12.40, 8.70, 15.70, 24.23, 18.93, 17.12 1943, 8.80, 10.00, 11.80, 15.50, 18.60, 22.40, 25.90, 26.40, 25.20, 20.00, 14.80, 12.30, 10.40, 15.30, 24.90, 20.00, 17.64 1944, 8.90, 8.40, 9.70, 14.80, 19.50, 24.70, 25.30, 25.70, 24.30, 18.60, 13.70, 11.10, 9.87, 14.67, 25.23, 18.87, 17.06 1945, 7.70, 9.30, 11.30, 15.90, 21.80, 24.90, 27.40, 26.30, 23.10, 17.00, 13.50, 10.80, 9.37, 16.33, 26.20, 17.87, 17.42 1946, 9.50, 9.60, 11.70, 14.40, 18.20, 22.60, 25.80, 26.30, 24.60, 19.20, 15.30, 10.10, 9.97, 14.77, 24.90, 19.70, 17.28 1947, 8.40, 11.20, 14.60, 15.40, 17.80, 23.30, 26.90, 26.20, 24.00, 18.70, 15.40, 10.40, 9.90, 15.93, 25.47, 19.37, 17.69 1948, 10.80, 10.20, 11.70, 14.30, 18.70, 22.20, 24.00, 25.50, 22.20, 19.60, 13.70, 10.50, 10.47, 14.90, 23.90, 18.50, 16.95 1949, 10.00, 9.70, 9.90, 15.00, 18.40, 22.40, 25.30, 24.80, 23.60, 19.00, 13.90, 12.30, 10.07, 14.43, 24.17, 18.83, 17.02 1950, 9.20, 10.20, 12.20, 15.00, 20.00, 24.20, 27.50, 25.80, 23.60, 18.70, 14.00, 11.10, 10.57, 15.73, 25.83, 18.77, 17.63 1951, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1952, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1953, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1954, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1955, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1956, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1957, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1958, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1959, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1960, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1961, 10.30, 10.60, 12.00, 16.00, 19.10, 22.60, 25.10, 25.30, 23.70, 19.90, 15.90, 11.90, -99.99, 15.70, 24.33, 19.83, 17.70 1962, 11.70, 9.70, 12.50, 14.40, 18.20, 21.60, 25.20, 26.30, 24.30, 19.90, 14.70, 10.30, 11.10, 15.03, 24.37, 19.63, 17.40 1963, 9.60, 10.00, 11.30, 13.90, 17.40, 22.20, 26.00, 26.20, 23.20, 17.60, 15.50, 13.30, 9.97, 14.20, 24.80, 18.77, 17.18 1964, 9.40, 10.60, 13.10, 14.10, 18.30, 22.40, 25.00, 24.80, 22.10, 18.50, 14.50, 10.90, 11.10, 15.17, 24.07, 18.37, 16.98 1965, 10.20, 7.80, 11.50, 13.20, 17.80, 22.00, 26.30, 24.60, 23.20, 18.10, 15.10, 12.00, 9.63, 14.17, 24.30, 18.80, 16.82 1966, 10.40, 11.70, 11.00, 14.60, 17.50, 22.50, 24.50, 25.40, 22.20, 20.00, 12.80, 10.50, 11.37, 14.37, 24.13, 18.33, 16.92 1967, 9.20, 10.40, 11.70, 13.60, 18.20, 20.80, 25.50, 26.10, 22.70, 19.70, 15.90, 10.80, 10.03, 14.50, 24.13, 19.43, 17.05 1968, 9.00, 11.30, 11.00, 15.10, 18.90, 22.00, 25.60, 24.90, 22.30, 18.40, 14.80, 12.10, 10.37, 15.00, 24.17, 18.50, 17.12 1969, 9.50, 10.30, 12.70, 13.50, 19.00, 21.20, 23.70, 25.30, 22.80, 18.60, 16.00, 10.20, 10.63, 15.07, 23.40, 19.13, 16.90 1970, 10.90, 11.00, 11.60, 14.60, 16.60, 22.30, 24.50, 26.00, 22.80, 17.80, 14.60, 12.00, 10.70, 14.27, 24.27, 18.40, 17.06 1971, 10.20, 10.00, 10.10, 14.10, 18.00, 21.30, 24.40, 26.50, 21.50, 16.50, 12.80, 9.70, 10.73, 14.07, 24.07, 16.93, 16.26 1972, 10.00, 11.10, 12.50, 14.50, 17.20, 22.50, 24.30, 24.40, 22.20, 16.50, 13.90, 12.00, 10.27, 14.73, 23.73, 17.53, 16.76 1973, 10.70, 9.80, 10.30, 12.80, 18.70, 22.50, 25.70, 24.90, 23.50, 19.10, 13.80, 12.30, 10.83, 13.93, 24.37, 18.80, 17.01 1974, 10.50, 9.30, 12.10, 13.60, 17.60, 21.90, 24.60, 25.20, 23.00, 16.60, 13.20, 10.20, 10.70, 14.43, 23.90, 17.60, 16.48 1975, 9.70, 9.80, 12.20, 13.50, 17.90, 21.30, 24.50, 24.40, 23.00, 17.80, 13.90, 14.40, 9.90, 14.53, 23.40, 18.23, 16.87 1976, 9.20, 10.10, 11.00, 13.40, 18.00, 21.00, 24.50, 23.70, 21.10, 18.10, 12.80, 11.50, 11.23, 14.13, 23.07, 17.33, 16.20 1977, 10.90, 10.90, 13.00, 13.80, 18.00, 21.40, 25.20, 24.40, 21.70, 18.10, 14.60, 10.50, 11.10, 14.93, 23.67, 18.13, 16.88 1978, 9.70, 11.30, 11.70, 13.40, 17.80, 22.30, 24.00, 24.30, 21.70, 17.00, 11.80, 11.50, 10.50, 14.30, 23.53, 16.83, 16.38 1979, 9.90, 11.60, 12.00, 13.10, 17.20, 22.60, 24.80, 24.70, 21.70, 19.00, 12.90, 11.20, 11.00, 14.10, 24.03, 17.87, 16.72 1980, 9.10, 11.20, 12.60, 11.80, 16.10, 21.00, 24.20, 26.00, 23.00, 19.10, 15.60, 9.20, 10.50, 13.50, 23.73, 19.23, 16.58 1981, 8.30, 8.90, 12.90, 15.00, 19.10, 23.80, 25.30, 25.40, 23.90, 20.50, 12.40, 11.80, 8.80, 15.67, 24.83, 18.93, 17.27 1982, 12.00, 9.60, 11.40, 13.80, 18.40, 25.00, 27.20, 27.00, 24.40, 20.50, 15.30, 10.90, 11.13, 14.53, 26.40, 20.07, 17.96 1983, 8.00, 8.40, 11.60, 15.30, 18.30, 21.90, 26.20, 25.90, 23.10, 18.30, 15.00, 10.60, 9.10, 15.07, 24.67, 18.80, 16.88 1984, 9.60, 9.30, 11.20, 13.70, 17.80, 20.80, 25.50, 25.30, 22.50, 19.60, 15.70, 12.80, 9.83, 14.23, 23.87, 19.27, 16.98 1985, 10.70, 11.40, 12.00, 15.70, 18.40, 23.60, 25.40, 26.00, 23.30, 18.80, 15.60, 11.80, 11.63, 15.37, 25.00, 19.23, 17.73 1986, 10.10, 10.10, 12.00, 14.50, 19.60, 22.70, 25.30, 27.40, 23.50, 19.70, 15.30, 10.20, 10.67, 15.37, 25.13, 19.50, 17.53 1987, 10.30, 11.30, 9.70, 13.90, 16.80, 22.50, 27.50, 27.20, 25.50, 22.00, 15.30, -99.99, 10.60, 13.47, 25.73, 20.93, -99.99 1988, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1989, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1990, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1991, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99 1992, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, 13.00, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99