Monthly, seasonal, and annual climate observations averaged for political units. Time period = mean Variable = diurnal temperature range (degrees Celsius) missing value = -999.0 : format = (a20,12f8.1,5f8.1) * File created and owned by Dr. Tim Mitchell (t.mitchell@uea.ac.uk). Full rights retained. Created at the Tyndall Centre (www.tyndall.ac.uk) on 08.05.2003 at 16:49 The data in this file may be used for non-commercial scientific and educational purposes. Where research using this data is published, the source should be acknowledged as: Mitchell,T.D. et al 2003: A comprehensive set of climate scenarios for Europe and the globe. In prep. Method: The country aggregation is based on the CRU TS 2.0 gridded data-set. The gridded data were aggregated into countries using political boundaries; see: Mitchell,Hulme,New,2001: Climate data for political areas. Area 34:109-112 For more information see http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/~timm/ Disclaimer: No responsibility is taken for the accuracy of these data. Disclaimer: No political statement is implied in the selection of these political units. * * AGGREGATION JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MAM JJA SON DJF ANN Actaeon Group 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.7 Afghanistan 11.7 11.7 12.2 12.9 14.6 15.8 14.9 15.5 16.9 16.3 14.8 12.2 13.2 15.4 16.0 11.5 14.1 Albania 7.6 8.2 9.3 10.0 11.1 12.3 12.8 13.0 12.1 10.4 8.6 7.4 10.1 12.7 10.3 7.5 10.2 Aldabra Isl 5.5 5.3 6.0 5.9 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.4 5.8 5.4 6.0 5.5 5.7 Aleutians 5.7 5.7 5.9 5.6 5.2 5.7 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.4 Algeria 13.3 13.9 14.2 14.6 14.5 14.8 14.9 14.7 13.9 13.5 13.1 13.1 14.4 14.8 13.5 13.0 14.0 Amsterdam Isl 5.3 5.4 5.1 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.6 5.0 4.7 Andaman Isl 7.7 8.7 8.8 8.3 6.8 5.7 5.6 5.6 6.0 6.7 6.5 6.7 8.0 5.6 6.4 7.5 6.9 Andorra 7.2 8.1 9.1 9.1 9.9 10.6 12.0 11.4 10.7 9.3 8.0 7.1 9.4 11.3 9.3 7.2 9.4 Angola 11.0 10.9 11.2 12.4 14.9 16.5 16.8 16.5 15.3 13.3 11.9 11.1 12.8 16.6 13.5 10.6 13.5 Anguilla 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.1 7.6 7.3 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.9 7.6 7.7 7.5 7.7 Antigua 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.4 6.9 6.5 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.3 6.8 7.1 7.0 7.1 Antipodes Isl 8.6 8.3 8.1 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.5 8.2 8.7 8.6 8.1 8.1 7.5 8.5 8.1 8.1 Argentina 14.0 13.7 13.1 12.8 11.9 11.2 12.0 13.3 13.8 13.8 14.1 14.1 12.6 12.2 13.9 13.5 13.2 Armenia 9.3 9.5 10.2 11.5 12.4 13.6 13.9 14.0 14.2 12.2 10.1 8.6 11.4 13.8 12.2 8.8 11.6 Ascension 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.6 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.2 Auckland Isl 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.8 5.9 6.0 5.1 4.7 5.7 5.7 5.4 Australia 13.4 12.8 12.8 13.1 12.6 12.7 13.4 14.1 14.6 14.6 14.3 14.0 12.8 13.4 14.5 12.9 13.5 Austria 6.0 6.7 8.0 9.0 9.5 9.3 9.7 9.3 8.8 8.1 6.1 5.7 8.8 9.5 7.7 5.9 8.0 Azerbaijan 8.5 8.5 9.5 11.5 12.2 12.9 12.6 12.7 11.8 9.8 8.4 7.9 11.1 12.7 10.0 8.0 10.5 Azores 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.6 5.9 5.9 6.4 6.4 6.4 5.7 5.1 4.9 5.6 6.2 5.7 4.9 5.7 Bahamas 10.4 10.7 10.9 10.9 10.1 9.7 10.2 10.1 9.8 9.6 9.7 9.9 10.7 10.0 9.7 10.0 10.2 Bahrain 11.0 11.6 12.3 13.2 14.3 14.8 14.0 14.0 14.8 14.5 13.0 11.3 13.3 14.2 14.1 11.0 13.2 Banaba 5.9 5.9 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.2 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 5.7 6.1 Bangladesh 12.7 13.1 12.5 10.2 8.4 6.2 5.5 5.6 6.1 7.6 10.1 11.8 10.4 5.7 7.9 12.1 9.2 Barbados 7.2 7.4 7.9 7.7 7.5 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.3 7.3 6.8 6.9 7.7 6.9 7.1 6.9 7.2 Barbuda 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.1 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.3 Bassas da India 7.7 7.7 8.3 8.8 9.5 10.1 10.0 10.2 9.7 8.5 8.1 7.7 8.9 10.1 8.8 7.4 8.9 Belarus 6.1 6.7 7.5 9.3 11.1 10.8 10.5 10.8 9.6 7.4 4.7 5.1 9.3 10.7 7.2 5.8 8.3 Belgium 5.2 6.5 7.8 9.3 10.0 9.8 9.9 10.0 9.3 8.1 6.0 5.2 9.0 9.9 7.8 5.5 8.1 Belize 8.3 9.2 9.3 9.7 9.3 8.2 8.0 8.5 8.4 8.1 7.9 7.8 9.4 8.3 8.1 8.1 8.5 Benin 15.0 14.8 13.3 11.7 10.5 9.4 8.2 7.8 9.0 11.1 14.5 15.0 11.8 8.5 11.5 14.4 11.7 Bermuda 9.1 9.0 9.2 9.6 9.4 9.4 9.6 9.5 9.0 9.9 9.5 9.1 9.4 9.5 9.5 8.7 9.3 Bhutan 15.8 14.6 13.4 12.3 11.3 9.9 8.8 8.9 9.7 12.6 14.6 15.9 12.3 9.2 12.3 14.9 12.3 Bioko 9.4 9.8 9.2 8.9 8.2 7.4 6.5 6.4 7.1 7.5 8.2 9.1 8.8 6.8 7.6 9.2 8.1 Bolivia 10.6 10.5 10.7 12.1 13.0 13.7 14.6 15.3 14.5 13.5 12.6 11.3 12.0 14.5 13.5 10.4 12.7 Bonin Isl 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.1 4.8 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.2 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.0 Bosnia-Herzegovinia 6.9 7.8 9.2 10.0 10.8 11.0 12.0 12.5 11.6 10.2 7.5 6.4 10.0 11.8 9.8 6.8 9.7 Botswana 13.1 12.6 13.3 14.7 17.5 18.2 19.0 19.1 18.3 16.0 14.4 13.6 15.2 18.8 16.2 12.7 15.8 Brazil 9.6 9.6 9.5 9.7 10.3 11.2 12.0 12.5 11.8 11.2 10.3 9.8 9.8 11.9 11.1 9.3 10.6 Brunei 6.8 7.3 7.8 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.3 8.1 8.4 7.9 6.9 7.9 Bulgaria 6.9 7.3 9.3 10.5 11.2 11.7 12.3 12.4 12.3 10.4 8.2 6.5 10.3 12.1 10.3 6.7 9.9 Burkina Faso 17.0 16.7 15.4 13.4 12.2 11.0 9.8 9.1 10.3 13.2 16.5 16.7 13.7 10.0 13.3 16.3 13.4 Burundi 11.4 11.5 11.4 10.6 11.0 13.0 14.0 13.9 13.4 12.4 11.0 11.0 11.0 13.6 12.2 10.9 12.0 Cabinda 7.4 7.9 8.1 7.9 6.8 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.4 6.6 7.6 7.1 6.4 7.1 7.1 Cambodia 11.2 11.0 11.9 10.4 9.0 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.0 7.2 8.0 9.7 10.4 7.5 7.4 10.3 9.0 Cameroon 13.8 14.0 12.5 11.3 10.3 9.3 8.2 8.0 9.0 10.3 12.2 13.4 11.4 8.5 10.5 13.3 11.0 Campbell Isl 5.7 5.5 5.1 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.6 5.2 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.0 4.5 5.5 5.5 5.2 Canada 9.4 10.3 11.0 10.6 10.2 10.1 10.4 9.7 8.4 7.5 7.8 8.7 10.6 10.1 7.9 9.2 9.5 Canary Isl 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.1 6.3 6.0 7.2 7.6 7.1 6.0 7.0 Cape Verde Isl 7.8 8.2 8.3 8.0 7.5 6.9 6.2 6.2 6.7 7.4 7.5 7.1 7.9 6.4 7.2 7.4 7.3 Caroline Isl 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.9 6.1 6.1 6.9 7.1 5.6 6.5 Central African Rep 17.0 17.6 15.0 12.7 11.4 10.5 9.6 9.5 10.4 11.7 15.1 16.9 13.0 9.9 12.4 16.6 13.1 Chad 17.8 18.4 17.8 17.1 16.0 14.9 13.2 12.2 13.5 15.5 16.9 17.4 16.9 13.4 15.3 17.3 15.9 Chagos Archipelago 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.8 Chile 10.3 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.1 8.8 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.4 10.5 10.5 9.7 9.0 10.3 10.0 9.8 China 12.4 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.7 11.9 11.1 11.3 11.7 12.2 12.0 12.2 12.7 11.4 12.0 11.9 12.1 Christmas Isl 9.4 9.7 10.1 10.4 10.8 10.9 11.4 11.6 11.6 11.1 10.5 10.1 10.4 11.3 11.1 9.4 10.6 Cocos Isl 5.1 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.6 5.0 5.0 4.9 Colombia 10.9 11.0 10.4 9.5 9.0 8.8 9.2 9.6 9.8 9.5 9.4 10.0 9.6 9.2 9.5 10.3 9.8 Comoros 6.7 6.6 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.3 8.5 8.9 8.8 8.1 7.6 7.1 7.6 8.6 8.2 6.5 7.8 Congo 9.6 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.3 9.1 8.8 8.8 9.1 8.9 8.9 9.1 9.8 8.9 9.0 9.4 9.4 Cook Isl 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.5 6.0 Costa Rica 11.1 11.6 11.8 11.4 10.3 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.6 9.5 9.4 10.3 11.2 9.6 9.5 10.6 10.3 Croatia 7.1 7.7 9.0 9.7 10.6 10.8 11.7 11.7 11.0 9.8 7.7 6.7 9.8 11.4 9.5 6.9 9.5 Crozet Isl 5.0 5.3 4.6 4.2 3.9 2.3 3.6 4.3 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.7 4.2 3.4 4.7 5.2 4.4 Cuba 10.0 10.3 10.5 10.5 9.6 8.9 9.5 9.6 9.2 8.8 9.0 9.4 10.2 9.3 9.0 9.6 9.6 Curacao Isl 9.1 9.3 9.1 8.5 8.0 7.9 8.1 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.3 8.6 8.5 8.2 8.5 8.7 8.5 Cyprus 8.3 8.9 10.1 11.2 11.8 11.8 11.6 11.8 12.0 11.3 10.1 8.5 11.0 11.7 11.1 8.3 10.6 Czech Republic 5.7 6.2 8.0 9.9 10.7 10.5 10.9 10.9 9.7 8.3 5.6 5.1 9.5 10.8 7.9 5.5 8.5 Denmark 4.4 4.9 5.7 7.5 8.7 8.6 8.0 8.2 6.9 5.6 4.6 4.5 7.3 8.3 5.7 4.5 6.5 Djibouti 10.3 9.7 9.7 9.5 10.2 11.0 11.0 10.9 10.0 10.4 10.7 10.6 9.8 11.0 10.4 9.9 10.3 Dominica 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 6.8 6.2 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.1 6.8 6.9 7.1 6.5 6.9 6.8 6.9 Dominican Republic 9.6 10.0 9.8 9.3 9.0 9.1 9.4 9.2 9.4 9.1 8.9 9.3 9.4 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.3 Ducie Isl 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.1 Easter Isl 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.9 5.0 4.0 4.2 5.0 4.6 Ecuador 12.3 12.0 12.0 11.8 11.9 11.9 12.3 13.0 13.2 12.9 13.2 12.9 11.9 12.4 13.1 12.0 12.5 Egypt 13.8 14.7 14.9 15.6 15.5 15.3 14.3 14.0 13.9 14.0 13.7 13.6 15.3 14.5 13.9 13.5 14.4 El Salvador 13.8 14.3 14.5 13.4 11.7 10.7 11.0 11.0 10.0 10.2 11.5 12.6 13.2 10.9 10.5 13.1 12.1 Equatorial Guinea 8.0 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.3 7.4 7.1 7.0 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 8.6 7.2 7.7 7.9 7.9 Eritrea 13.9 14.0 14.1 13.7 13.4 13.4 11.7 11.4 12.6 12.8 13.4 13.8 13.7 12.2 12.9 13.5 13.2 Estonia 5.8 6.3 7.0 8.0 10.0 9.8 9.1 8.4 7.3 5.7 4.4 5.2 8.3 9.1 5.8 5.6 7.2 Ethiopia 15.8 15.4 14.6 13.4 12.7 12.1 10.9 11.1 12.3 13.2 14.4 15.6 13.5 11.3 13.3 15.1 13.4 Faeroes 4.4 4.4 4.7 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.6 Falkland Isl 8.9 8.5 8.3 7.6 6.7 6.1 6.2 7.0 7.9 8.5 9.2 9.0 7.6 6.4 8.5 8.5 7.8 Fernando de Noronha 6.2 6.5 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.5 5.5 6.1 6.1 6.1 5.9 6.0 5.6 6.1 6.0 6.0 Fiji 7.3 7.1 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.3 6.8 6.8 7.0 7.0 6.9 Finland 7.9 8.1 9.1 8.8 10.2 10.4 9.9 8.9 7.2 5.5 5.6 7.3 9.4 9.7 6.1 7.5 8.2 France 5.9 6.8 8.1 8.9 9.4 9.8 10.6 10.3 9.8 8.3 6.6 5.9 8.8 10.2 8.2 6.0 8.4 Franz Joseph Land 8.6 7.7 8.5 8.8 5.1 6.1 7.9 6.1 3.8 4.0 6.3 7.8 7.5 6.7 4.7 7.8 6.7 French Guiana 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.8 8.5 9.3 9.9 10.0 9.2 7.8 7.1 8.5 9.7 7.0 8.1 Gabon 8.1 9.0 9.3 9.2 8.3 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.9 8.0 7.9 7.8 8.9 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.2 Galapagos Isl 10.4 11.4 11.9 11.1 10.2 9.5 9.2 9.0 9.0 9.5 9.6 10.3 11.1 9.2 9.4 10.4 10.1 Gambia 17.0 16.9 17.6 17.0 15.4 11.9 9.5 8.4 9.3 11.6 14.5 15.7 16.7 10.0 11.8 16.0 13.7 Georgia 8.9 9.1 9.5 11.2 11.7 12.3 12.4 12.8 12.7 11.4 9.2 8.1 10.8 12.5 11.1 8.4 10.8 Germany 5.0 5.9 7.4 9.1 9.9 9.8 9.7 9.8 9.0 7.5 5.3 4.7 8.8 9.8 7.3 5.0 7.8 Ghana 13.3 12.6 11.5 10.2 9.4 8.2 7.2 7.1 8.0 9.7 11.8 12.6 10.4 7.5 9.8 12.4 10.1 Gibraltar 7.3 7.7 8.2 8.4 8.7 9.3 9.6 9.3 8.2 7.6 7.0 7.0 8.4 9.4 7.6 7.1 8.2 Gough Isl 5.8 5.6 5.3 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.6 4.9 4.6 5.0 5.5 5.0 Grand Cayman 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.5 7.9 7.3 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.3 7.4 7.4 8.2 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.8 Greece 7.2 7.7 8.8 10.1 11.1 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.3 9.8 8.4 7.2 10.0 11.7 9.8 7.1 9.7 Greenland 17.9 16.3 15.3 13.5 11.2 10.3 9.7 10.8 12.6 10.5 15.1 13.5 13.3 10.3 12.7 15.4 13.0 Grenada 7.8 8.0 8.3 8.3 7.8 7.1 7.1 7.5 7.9 7.9 7.4 7.3 8.1 7.2 7.7 7.5 7.7 Guadalupe 10.5 10.5 10.3 10.6 10.5 10.9 10.8 10.6 11.3 11.8 11.3 11.0 10.5 10.8 11.5 10.2 10.8 Guadeloupe 6.9 7.1 7.2 7.2 6.5 6.1 6.4 6.5 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.6 7.0 6.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 Guatemala 10.8 11.8 12.1 12.1 11.2 9.8 9.6 10.2 9.6 9.3 9.7 10.2 11.8 9.9 9.5 10.6 10.5 Guinea 15.0 14.8 14.0 12.8 11.1 9.5 8.7 8.0 9.2 10.5 13.0 14.8 12.7 8.7 10.9 14.4 11.8 Guinea-Bissau 14.3 14.7 14.9 13.7 11.8 9.4 7.5 6.8 7.8 9.3 11.5 13.4 13.5 7.9 9.5 13.7 11.3 Guyana 8.4 8.7 8.6 8.4 8.0 7.8 8.4 9.0 9.8 10.1 9.5 8.6 8.3 8.4 9.8 8.3 8.8 Haiti 10.0 10.2 10.1 9.5 9.1 9.3 9.8 9.8 9.4 9.2 8.9 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.2 9.6 9.6 Hawaii 8.2 8.3 7.8 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.8 8.0 7.9 7.6 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 Heard Isl 6.3 6.5 6.5 5.9 5.7 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.6 6.2 6.2 6.0 Henderson Isl 5.4 5.2 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.7 5.0 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.6 5.0 5.0 4.9 Holland 4.9 5.7 7.0 8.6 9.5 9.2 9.0 9.5 8.6 7.3 5.6 4.8 8.4 9.2 7.2 5.0 7.5 Honduras 8.8 10.1 10.9 10.7 10.0 8.6 8.4 8.8 8.8 8.5 8.3 8.5 10.5 8.6 8.5 8.8 9.2 Hong Kong 7.3 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.8 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.4 7.8 6.2 6.5 7.1 7.0 6.8 Hungary 6.7 7.6 9.7 11.3 11.7 11.6 12.3 12.3 11.9 10.8 7.1 5.9 10.9 12.1 9.9 6.5 9.9 Iceland 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.5 4.9 5.5 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.3 5.7 5.7 India 13.9 14.1 14.5 13.9 13.0 10.3 8.0 7.5 8.9 11.6 13.2 13.8 13.8 8.6 11.2 13.5 11.9 Indonesia 8.8 9.0 9.2 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.7 10.0 10.1 10.1 9.6 9.1 9.3 9.7 9.9 8.7 9.5 Iran 11.7 11.9 12.6 13.6 14.9 15.9 15.2 15.7 16.7 15.9 14.3 12.3 13.7 15.6 15.6 11.6 14.2 Iraq 11.2 12.0 12.7 13.9 15.4 16.6 17.2 17.6 18.1 16.2 13.6 11.5 14.0 17.1 16.0 11.1 14.7 Ireland 5.4 5.7 6.7 7.8 8.1 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.3 6.3 5.9 5.3 7.5 7.8 6.5 5.3 6.8 Isl Glorieuses 6.2 5.9 7.0 7.3 7.7 8.0 8.4 9.0 8.6 7.7 7.0 6.6 7.3 8.5 7.7 6.0 7.4 Isl Wallis 5.6 6.6 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.7 5.6 5.4 5.9 6.1 5.8 Isl da Trindade 5.4 4.9 5.4 4.4 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.9 4.3 4.6 3.5 4.3 4.7 4.3 Isl de Horn 5.6 6.7 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.7 6.0 6.0 6.9 5.6 5.2 5.9 6.2 5.8 Isl de Providencia 5.9 6.3 6.6 6.4 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.1 5.6 5.6 6.3 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.9 Isl de San Andres 6.3 6.7 7.0 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.8 5.9 6.6 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 Isl de la Bahia 7.7 8.6 9.2 9.3 8.8 7.5 7.5 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.5 7.4 9.1 7.6 7.8 7.6 8.1 Israel 9.6 10.4 11.1 12.5 13.1 12.6 11.9 11.8 11.9 12.2 11.6 9.8 12.2 12.1 11.9 9.6 11.5 Italy 6.2 6.7 7.4 8.0 8.7 9.1 9.6 9.3 8.6 7.6 6.6 6.2 8.0 9.3 7.6 6.1 7.8 Ivory Coast 14.1 13.1 11.7 10.6 9.6 8.4 7.5 7.4 8.3 9.6 11.2 12.8 10.7 7.7 9.7 12.9 10.4 Jamaica 9.6 9.6 9.4 9.1 8.2 7.9 8.9 8.8 8.5 8.0 8.3 9.1 8.9 8.5 8.3 9.1 8.8 Jan Mayen 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.5 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.9 5.3 5.7 5.4 4.5 4.9 5.4 5.1 Japan 7.8 8.2 8.7 9.4 9.5 7.8 7.2 7.7 7.9 8.9 8.6 8.0 9.2 7.6 8.5 7.7 8.3 Jordan 10.9 11.8 12.8 14.4 15.6 16.4 16.2 16.2 16.2 15.0 13.1 11.4 14.3 16.3 14.8 11.0 14.2 Juan Fernandez Isl 6.3 6.4 6.1 5.3 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.7 4.0 4.6 4.9 5.8 5.2 3.7 4.5 6.0 4.9 Kara Sea Isl 7.5 7.4 8.3 8.6 5.4 4.2 6.1 4.9 3.2 4.7 6.9 7.7 7.5 5.1 5.0 7.2 6.2 Kazakhstan 9.2 10.1 9.9 12.2 13.6 14.0 13.7 14.1 13.8 11.2 8.8 8.4 11.9 14.0 11.3 8.9 11.6 Kenya 13.2 13.5 12.8 11.0 10.5 11.0 10.8 10.9 12.1 11.8 11.1 12.1 11.4 10.9 11.7 12.5 11.7 Kerguelen Isl 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.9 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.2 5.8 6.5 6.4 6.3 Kiribati 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.8 Komandorskiye Isl 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.1 6.6 7.8 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.1 6.4 6.9 7.1 7.3 6.5 6.9 7.0 Kuril Isl 6.5 7.0 6.3 5.9 6.6 5.8 5.2 5.3 6.1 6.5 6.0 5.8 6.3 5.5 6.2 6.2 6.1 Kuwait 10.6 11.3 12.3 12.9 14.4 15.7 15.2 15.7 16.5 15.1 12.6 11.2 13.2 15.6 14.7 10.7 13.6 Kyrgyzstan 10.8 10.6 10.2 11.8 12.3 13.7 14.6 15.2 14.9 12.9 10.8 10.1 11.4 14.5 12.9 10.2 12.3 La Tortuga Isl 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.2 7.8 7.4 7.5 7.9 8.3 8.3 8.0 8.0 8.2 7.6 8.2 8.1 8.1 Laccadive Isl 9.9 9.6 8.8 8.2 6.9 5.5 4.9 5.1 5.8 7.0 8.4 9.4 8.0 5.2 7.1 9.3 7.5 Laos 11.3 11.6 11.9 10.6 8.9 7.3 6.9 7.0 7.6 8.2 9.0 10.4 10.5 7.1 8.3 10.7 9.2 Latvia 5.5 6.1 6.9 8.4 10.2 9.9 9.3 9.0 7.9 6.2 4.4 5.1 8.5 9.4 6.2 5.5 7.4 Lau Group 5.4 5.8 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.3 Lebanon 8.5 9.2 10.2 11.3 12.6 12.9 13.0 13.0 13.1 12.4 10.9 8.5 11.4 13.0 12.1 8.4 11.3 Lesotho 12.7 12.0 11.6 12.3 13.4 14.3 14.8 14.8 14.6 13.4 12.7 13.1 12.4 14.6 13.6 12.1 13.3 Liberia 12.4 12.3 11.8 11.4 10.5 9.3 8.8 8.7 9.1 9.9 10.4 11.2 11.2 8.9 9.8 11.6 10.5 Libya 13.7 14.3 15.1 15.7 15.8 16.1 14.9 14.7 14.5 14.5 14.0 13.0 15.5 15.2 14.3 13.2 14.7 Liechtenstein 5.3 5.7 7.0 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.5 7.9 7.6 6.5 5.6 5.2 7.5 8.2 6.6 5.2 6.9 Line Isl 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.0 6.8 6.2 6.2 6.7 6.9 5.8 6.4 Lithuania 5.5 6.1 7.1 8.9 10.8 10.5 9.9 10.0 8.6 6.7 4.5 4.9 9.0 10.1 6.6 5.4 7.8 Lord Howe Isl 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.9 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.2 4.5 Luxembourg 5.1 6.7 8.1 9.6 10.9 10.6 11.0 10.7 10.1 8.4 5.8 4.9 9.5 10.8 8.1 5.4 8.5 Macau 7.3 6.3 6.1 6.0 6.1 5.9 6.7 6.7 6.7 7.0 7.4 7.8 6.1 6.5 7.0 6.9 6.7 Macedonia 7.1 8.1 9.5 10.8 11.6 12.5 13.4 13.6 12.8 11.1 8.5 7.2 10.6 13.1 10.8 7.2 10.5 Macquarie Isl 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.5 4.0 3.5 3.7 Madagascar 8.0 7.9 8.3 8.7 9.5 9.8 9.8 10.2 10.4 9.6 9.0 8.3 8.8 9.9 9.7 7.8 9.1 Madeira 5.7 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.1 5.8 6.3 6.5 6.7 6.2 5.8 5.7 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.5 6.1 Malawi 8.5 8.5 9.0 9.6 10.9 12.0 12.0 12.2 12.8 12.1 10.7 9.0 9.8 12.1 11.9 8.4 10.6 Malaysia 7.7 8.2 8.5 8.8 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.8 8.6 8.2 7.7 8.6 8.8 8.5 7.6 8.5 Maldives 6.4 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.2 5.7 5.1 5.6 6.1 5.7 Mali 15.6 15.9 16.0 15.3 14.3 13.1 12.4 11.7 12.5 14.1 15.3 15.3 15.2 12.4 13.9 15.1 14.3 Malta 6.5 7.1 7.5 8.2 9.0 9.6 9.8 9.4 8.6 7.6 7.0 6.5 8.3 9.6 7.7 6.5 8.1 Marianas 6.2 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.1 6.6 Marquesas 7.4 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.7 7.3 7.8 7.7 6.8 6.1 7.3 7.2 6.9 Marshall Isl 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.3 5.6 5.6 4.9 5.4 Martinique 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.5 6.0 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.2 6.6 6.4 6.6 Mauritania 14.5 14.9 15.3 15.4 15.2 14.8 14.5 13.5 13.4 13.8 13.9 13.6 15.3 14.3 13.7 13.9 14.4 Mauritius 6.7 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.4 6.4 6.9 7.0 7.3 6.8 6.6 6.6 7.1 6.5 6.7 Mexico 15.4 16.2 16.7 16.8 16.3 14.6 13.2 13.1 13.0 14.2 15.2 15.1 16.6 13.6 14.2 15.0 15.0 Moldavia 6.2 6.0 7.5 10.1 10.8 10.8 10.7 11.3 11.0 9.4 6.4 5.5 9.5 10.9 8.9 5.7 8.8 Monaco 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.1 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.7 6.9 7.1 6.9 6.4 6.9 Mongolia 13.0 14.7 15.0 14.8 15.5 14.6 13.1 13.3 14.3 14.1 13.2 12.3 15.1 13.7 13.9 12.9 14.0 Montserrat 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4 6.8 6.4 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.2 6.9 6.9 7.2 6.7 7.0 6.9 7.0 Morocco 11.0 10.9 11.6 11.5 12.0 12.7 13.6 13.4 12.4 11.3 10.3 10.6 11.7 13.2 11.3 10.5 11.8 Mozambique 9.0 8.9 9.2 9.8 11.2 11.8 11.8 12.2 12.3 11.5 10.6 9.4 10.1 11.9 11.5 8.8 10.6 Myanmar 14.5 15.3 14.9 12.9 9.7 7.0 6.6 6.7 7.6 8.7 10.7 12.9 12.5 6.8 9.0 13.7 10.6 Namibia 12.8 12.0 12.2 13.5 15.3 15.7 16.4 16.7 16.6 15.4 14.4 14.0 13.7 16.3 15.4 12.5 14.6 Nauru 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.0 6.2 6.5 6.6 5.9 6.4 Nepal 15.3 15.1 15.1 14.6 13.6 11.7 9.5 9.1 10.4 13.0 15.1 15.7 14.4 10.1 12.8 14.9 13.2 New Caledonia 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.7 6.4 6.3 6.1 5.6 6.2 6.5 5.7 6.0 New Siberian Isl 6.6 7.5 12.0 13.7 9.2 10.6 11.6 10.6 7.3 7.3 6.9 7.0 11.6 10.9 7.2 6.8 9.2 New Zealand 10.3 10.4 9.6 9.1 8.2 7.8 7.8 8.3 8.6 9.3 9.6 9.8 9.0 7.9 9.2 9.8 9.0 Nicaragua 9.3 10.2 10.6 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.3 8.7 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.9 10.2 8.5 8.6 9.1 9.2 Nicobar Isl 8.9 9.3 9.6 9.8 9.1 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.5 8.2 9.5 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.9 Niger 16.4 17.1 16.9 16.0 15.6 14.8 13.6 12.5 13.8 15.5 16.4 16.2 16.2 13.6 15.2 16.0 15.4 Nigeria 15.3 15.1 13.8 12.1 10.8 9.7 8.3 7.9 9.2 11.4 14.3 15.3 12.2 8.6 11.6 14.7 11.9 Niue 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.8 5.7 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.6 Norfolk Isl 5.3 5.2 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 4.8 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.0 North Korea 11.1 11.3 10.7 12.3 12.7 10.7 8.5 8.7 10.9 12.1 10.2 10.1 11.9 9.3 11.1 10.5 10.8 Northern Marianas 5.5 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.5 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.8 Norway 6.4 6.5 7.6 7.4 8.0 8.4 8.1 7.7 6.4 5.2 5.3 6.0 7.7 8.0 5.7 6.1 6.9 Novaya Zemlya 8.9 8.1 8.9 9.2 5.8 7.5 9.2 7.5 5.3 4.9 6.6 7.9 8.0 8.1 5.6 8.0 7.5 Oman 9.4 9.3 10.0 10.4 10.4 9.6 8.5 8.3 9.2 10.6 10.4 9.4 10.3 8.8 10.0 9.1 9.6 Pakistan 14.1 13.7 13.9 14.4 14.7 13.8 11.6 11.4 13.4 15.8 16.0 14.8 14.3 12.3 15.1 13.7 14.0 Palau Isl 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 6.9 7.1 7.0 7.1 6.6 7.0 Panama 8.9 9.2 9.2 8.8 8.1 7.8 8.0 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.5 8.1 8.7 7.9 7.7 8.4 8.3 Papua New Guinea 10.2 10.0 9.9 10.3 9.2 10.2 10.2 10.4 10.8 11.0 11.2 10.6 9.8 10.3 11.0 9.9 10.3 Paracel Isl 5.1 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.1 5.7 5.4 5.3 5.0 5.4 Paraguay 11.3 11.0 11.1 11.3 11.1 10.6 11.7 12.9 12.7 12.2 12.1 11.9 11.2 11.8 12.3 11.0 11.7 Peru 11.0 11.0 11.2 11.6 12.1 12.9 13.1 13.4 13.0 12.6 12.5 12.2 11.6 13.1 12.7 11.0 12.2 Philippines 8.2 8.7 9.3 9.5 9.2 8.5 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.2 8.1 8.0 9.3 8.2 8.2 8.0 8.5 Phoenix Isl 5.2 5.7 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.5 5.7 6.0 5.4 5.7 Poland 5.8 6.2 7.6 9.5 10.7 10.4 10.3 10.5 9.2 7.9 5.3 5.2 9.3 10.4 7.5 5.6 8.2 Portugal 7.4 7.9 9.1 9.5 10.3 11.1 12.3 12.5 11.2 9.3 7.7 6.9 9.6 12.0 9.4 7.1 9.6 Prince Edward Isl 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.1 5.4 4.9 5.7 5.8 5.5 Puerto Rica 8.0 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.0 7.9 8.1 8.0 8.4 8.2 8.0 7.7 8.2 8.0 8.2 7.7 8.1 Qatar 9.8 10.2 10.9 11.8 13.2 13.3 12.5 12.3 12.9 12.6 11.1 10.0 12.0 12.7 12.2 9.7 11.7 Reunion 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.1 7.3 7.8 7.7 7.9 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.8 7.0 7.4 Rodrigues Isl 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.2 5.5 Romania 7.6 7.8 9.4 11.0 11.4 11.4 11.8 12.1 12.1 11.1 7.9 6.6 10.6 11.7 10.3 7.1 10.0 Russia 8.7 10.1 11.7 11.4 10.8 11.4 11.2 10.6 9.4 7.9 7.9 8.2 11.3 11.1 8.4 8.7 10.0 Rwanda 12.1 12.0 11.7 10.7 10.7 12.3 13.2 12.8 12.4 11.9 11.3 11.6 11.1 12.7 11.9 11.5 11.9 Ryukyu Isl 6.1 6.0 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.1 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.0 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.9 Samoa 5.6 6.2 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.7 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.8 5.8 San Marino 5.3 6.0 7.0 8.0 8.5 8.8 9.3 8.9 8.0 6.8 5.9 5.4 7.8 9.0 6.9 5.3 7.3 Sao Tome + Principe 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.3 6.6 6.2 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.1 5.9 5.9 6.8 6.5 Saudi Arabia 11.3 11.9 12.3 12.7 13.5 13.9 13.1 13.5 14.1 13.8 12.3 11.6 12.9 13.5 13.4 11.3 12.9 Senegal 16.4 16.5 16.7 16.2 14.7 12.0 9.8 8.7 9.6 12.2 15.0 15.6 15.9 10.2 12.3 15.6 13.6 Severnaya Zemlya 7.5 7.0 9.0 10.5 6.4 5.8 8.0 7.0 4.3 5.3 6.8 7.9 8.6 6.9 5.5 7.2 7.1 Seychelles 5.4 5.4 5.9 6.0 4.8 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.7 5.7 5.6 4.2 5.1 5.3 5.1 Sierra Leone 12.6 12.5 12.1 10.8 9.4 8.1 7.0 6.7 7.9 8.9 9.8 11.6 10.8 7.3 8.9 11.8 9.8 Singapore 6.9 7.6 7.9 8.2 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.3 7.7 6.9 8.0 7.9 8.0 6.9 7.8 Slovakia 6.9 7.5 9.0 10.5 11.3 11.2 11.7 11.7 10.9 9.8 6.5 6.0 10.3 11.6 9.1 6.6 9.4 Slovenia 7.0 7.7 9.4 10.4 10.9 10.7 11.2 10.8 10.4 9.5 7.3 6.4 10.2 10.9 9.0 6.8 9.3 Society Isl 6.3 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.5 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.1 6.4 Socotra 10.4 10.2 10.5 10.5 10.5 9.8 8.8 9.6 10.1 10.7 11.2 10.4 10.5 9.4 10.7 10.0 10.2 Solomon Isl 8.0 7.7 7.3 7.8 7.0 7.9 7.9 8.2 8.5 8.5 8.4 8.1 7.4 8.0 8.5 7.7 7.9 Somalia 12.4 12.7 12.7 11.8 11.3 10.8 10.1 10.8 11.6 11.4 12.0 12.0 11.9 10.6 11.7 11.9 11.6 South Africa 13.6 13.0 13.1 13.4 14.7 14.9 15.6 15.7 15.3 14.4 14.0 13.9 13.7 15.4 14.5 13.1 14.3 South Georgia 4.8 4.1 3.8 2.9 3.2 2.8 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.5 4.8 5.0 3.3 2.9 3.8 4.5 3.7 South Korea 9.8 9.7 10.6 11.7 11.5 9.5 7.4 8.1 9.5 11.4 10.4 9.9 11.3 8.3 10.4 9.5 10.0 Spain 8.3 9.0 10.4 10.5 11.5 12.4 13.7 13.4 12.3 10.5 8.9 7.8 10.8 13.2 10.5 8.1 10.7 Sri Lanka 7.9 8.8 8.9 8.2 7.1 6.4 6.6 6.7 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.8 8.1 6.6 7.0 7.6 7.4 St Croix 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.4 7.9 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.2 7.9 7.7 8.2 7.9 8.1 7.7 8.0 St Helena 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.2 3.5 4.0 3.6 St Kitts 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.2 6.9 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.1 7.4 7.2 7.4 St Lucia 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.5 6.1 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.2 6.6 6.4 6.6 St Vincent 7.0 7.0 7.3 7.3 6.9 6.4 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.1 6.6 6.5 7.2 6.5 7.0 6.6 6.9 Sudan 16.8 17.1 16.9 16.4 15.2 14.1 12.3 12.0 13.0 14.5 15.5 16.2 16.2 12.8 14.3 16.2 15.0 Surinam 7.9 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.7 8.0 8.8 9.7 10.6 10.7 9.9 8.6 7.9 8.8 10.4 7.9 8.8 Svalbard 7.7 8.2 7.6 6.9 4.8 4.4 4.9 4.1 3.7 4.7 6.2 7.3 6.5 4.5 4.9 7.5 5.9 Swan Isl 7.0 7.5 7.9 8.1 7.7 6.7 6.9 7.2 7.4 7.0 6.8 6.6 7.9 6.9 7.1 6.8 7.2 Swaziland 9.9 9.7 10.2 11.0 13.1 14.3 14.5 13.9 12.7 11.2 10.3 10.4 11.4 14.2 11.4 9.7 11.8 Sweden 7.6 8.2 9.0 8.9 10.2 10.6 10.0 9.5 7.9 6.3 6.1 7.3 9.4 10.0 6.8 7.5 8.5 Switzerland 5.3 5.8 7.1 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.8 8.3 7.7 6.6 5.6 5.2 7.7 8.5 6.6 5.2 7.1 Syria 9.6 10.8 12.3 13.7 15.4 16.3 16.6 16.6 16.8 15.2 13.0 10.1 13.8 16.5 15.0 9.8 13.9 Tajikistan 9.4 9.4 9.3 10.6 11.9 13.7 14.6 15.0 15.4 13.0 10.7 8.7 10.6 14.4 13.0 8.9 11.8 Tanzania 10.4 10.6 10.6 9.8 10.4 12.0 12.3 12.4 12.7 12.4 11.2 10.2 10.3 12.2 12.1 10.0 11.3 Thailand 13.2 13.3 13.0 11.8 9.6 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.9 8.5 9.8 11.9 11.5 7.9 8.7 12.4 10.2 Togo 13.6 13.3 12.1 10.8 9.9 8.7 7.6 7.6 8.5 10.4 12.9 13.3 10.9 8.0 10.6 13.0 10.7 Tokelau Isl 5.6 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.9 6.2 5.8 6.0 Tonga 5.4 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.6 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.4 5.5 Trinidad and Tobago 8.9 9.2 9.3 9.1 8.5 7.6 7.9 8.2 8.6 8.5 8.2 8.3 9.0 7.9 8.4 8.5 8.5 Tristan da Cunha 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.8 5.1 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.9 4.5 Tromelin Isl 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.7 6.3 6.5 Truk Isl 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.4 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.0 6.5 6.6 6.8 7.0 6.2 6.7 Tuamotu 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.1 Tubuai Isl 5.2 5.3 5.7 5.6 5.6 6.0 5.8 5.8 6.1 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.6 5.9 5.8 5.1 5.6 Tunisia 9.6 10.4 10.9 11.5 12.1 12.7 13.6 13.0 11.6 10.8 10.2 9.6 11.5 13.1 10.9 9.6 11.3 Turkey 8.0 8.6 9.9 11.1 12.3 13.4 14.1 14.5 14.5 12.4 9.9 7.7 11.1 14.0 12.2 7.8 11.4 Turkmenistan 9.3 10.3 11.3 12.9 14.1 14.9 14.5 15.1 15.5 14.1 11.8 9.2 12.7 14.8 13.8 9.3 12.7 Tuvalu 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.2 5.6 5.9 6.1 6.0 6.2 6.7 6.3 6.3 5.9 6.3 6.1 6.2 USA 11.4 12.1 12.7 13.3 13.4 13.6 13.6 13.5 13.3 13.1 11.6 11.1 13.1 13.5 12.7 11.2 12.7 Uganda 14.6 14.2 13.3 11.6 11.1 11.4 11.2 11.4 12.1 12.4 12.7 13.5 12.0 11.3 12.4 13.6 12.5 Ukraine 6.2 6.3 7.2 9.7 10.9 10.8 10.7 11.2 10.5 8.8 5.8 5.3 9.3 10.9 8.4 5.8 8.6 United Arab Emirates 10.5 10.6 11.5 12.6 13.7 13.2 12.3 11.6 12.8 12.8 11.9 10.6 12.6 12.4 12.5 10.2 12.0 United Kingdom 5.1 5.4 6.4 7.5 8.1 8.2 7.9 7.8 7.1 6.3 5.6 5.2 7.3 7.9 6.3 5.1 6.7 Uruguay 11.9 10.9 11.2 10.6 9.9 9.6 9.3 9.9 10.3 10.9 11.2 11.9 10.6 9.6 10.8 11.2 10.6 Uzbekistan 9.0 10.0 10.8 12.6 13.9 14.9 14.8 15.2 15.4 13.6 11.0 8.5 12.5 15.0 13.3 8.8 12.5 Vanatu 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.7 Venezuela 11.1 11.6 11.4 10.4 9.5 8.8 9.1 9.4 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.3 10.4 9.1 10.0 10.6 10.1 Vietnam 7.7 7.6 10.4 8.1 7.9 7.4 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.9 8.8 7.2 7.2 7.5 7.7 Virgin Isl 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.1 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.1 7.9 8.4 8.2 8.3 7.9 8.3 Western Sahara 11.4 11.5 12.2 12.6 13.0 13.3 13.6 13.3 12.4 11.6 10.6 10.6 12.6 13.4 11.5 10.8 12.2 Wrangel Isl 7.9 7.8 8.0 8.4 6.0 5.6 5.9 5.4 4.5 5.4 6.6 7.3 7.5 5.7 5.5 7.4 6.6 Yemen 10.3 10.2 10.5 10.4 10.7 10.9 9.9 9.7 10.5 11.0 10.8 10.4 10.5 10.2 10.8 10.0 10.4 Yugoslavia 6.5 7.4 8.9 10.1 10.4 10.8 11.7 11.9 11.5 10.0 7.2 5.7 9.8 11.4 9.6 6.3 9.3 Zaire 10.8 11.1 10.9 10.7 11.3 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.6 10.9 10.5 10.3 11.0 11.8 11.0 10.4 11.1 Zambia 10.1 10.3 11.1 12.8 15.2 16.6 17.1 17.1 16.8 15.1 12.7 10.4 13.0 17.0 14.9 9.9 13.8 Zimbabwe 10.8 10.6 11.6 13.0 15.0 15.6 16.0 16.3 15.9 14.2 12.6 11.1 13.2 16.0 14.3 10.5 13.6